000			05333nam a2200265 4500
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090			_a390238
100			_a20110418d2010 y0pory50 ba
101			_aeng
200			_aLong-term effects of law enforcement's post- 9/11 focus on counterterrorism and homeland security _bRecurso eletrónico _fLois M. Davis ... [et al.]
210			_aSanta Monica ; Arlington ; Pittsburgh _cRAND Corporation _d2010
215			_a1 CD-ROM _d12 cm
300			_a"Research report submitted to the U.S. Department of Justice, National Institute of Justice, supported by grant number 2007-IJ-CX-0012". Ficheiro de 2,47 Mb em formato pdf (177 p.). Também disponível em: https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/232791.pdf.Acedido a 18 de Abril de 2011.
330			_aPreface. Figure. Tables. Summary. Acknowledgments. Abbreviations.. Chapter one. Introduction. Background. Relevant trends in policing that intersect with counterterrorism and homeland security. Local law enforcement agencies and counterterrorism. Funding counterterrorism efforts. The “cost” of counterterrorism for local law enforcement agencies. Potential benefits of counterterrorism for local law enforcement agencies. Study objectives. Approach and study limitations. Case study approach. Analysis of federal funding trends and of potential costs associated with shifting law enforcement resources to focus on counterterrorism and homeland security. Study limitations. Organization of this report. Chapt er twothe evolution of funding. Introduction. Overview of homeland security grant programs. Funding trends. Grant/funding results from case study interviews. Grants do not cover the costs of police personnel for counterterrorism or homeland security activities. Grants do not cover equipment maintenance or replacement costs and lack flexibility in tailoring equipment to meet departmental needs. Grant reporting and disbursement processes have multiple layers of review. Grant mechanisms’ evolution toward regionalization poses other key challenges. Chapter three. The evolution of fusion centers and information-sharing. Introduction. Overview and background. Defining intelligence. The evolution of law enforcement agencies’ information-sharing networks. Case study results: current trends underlying this evolution. Description of fusion centers operated by case study departments. Trend 1: using technology to organize virtually. Trend 2: utilizing technology—9/11 served as a catalyst for adopting technology. Trend 3: utilizing technology—tapping into existing infrastructure and building new networks. Trend 4: moving toward regionalization. Trend 5: formalizing information exchange. Trend 6: centralizing information and managing relationships. Summary. Chapter four. The effects of the focus on counterterrorism and homeland security on personnel and training. Introduction. Organizational adjustments. Immediately after 9/11, a shift in intelligence focus to include counterterrorism. Striking a balance between counterterrorism intelligence and criminal intelligence. Creation of counterterrorism- or homeland security–focused units. Use of federal funding for fusion centers. Internal personnel shifts. Specialized response units. Personnel issues. It takes time for law enforcement personnel to develop specialized expertise in counterterrorism and homeland security. The typical career progression for law enforcement officers does not mesh well with counterterrorism and homeland security needs. There is a trade-off in using law enforcement personnel versus civilians as intelligence analysts. Grants do not cover the costs of police personnel for some counterterrorism or homeland security activities. It is difficult to make the case locally for new or dedicated police personnel for counterterrorism and homeland security activities. Training issues. The focus of training has shifted, and the number of training courses has proliferated. Homeland security training, especially for NIMS compliance, can be burdensome. Major events have been a catalyst for counterterrorism and homeland security training. Summary of benefits. Chapter five - framework for estimating the potential costs associated with shifting law enforcement personnel to focus on counterterrorism and homeland security. Introduction. Method for cost estimation at the local level for the case study departments. Findings from the cost estimation. Chapter six. Future challenges. The challenge of regionalization. The challenge of creating specialized counterterrorism or homeland security career tracks for local law enforcement agencies. The challenge of investing in and sustaining fusion centers. The challenge of quantifying the costs and benefits of counterterrorism and homeland security. Appendixes: a. Summary of case study law enforcement agencies’ counterterrorism and homeland security organizational structures. B. Funding trends. References.
606			_aTERRORISMO _9410420
606			_aSEGURANÇA PÚBLICA _9244000
606			_aORGANIZAÇÃO POLICIAL _9320120
606			_aESTADOS UNIDOS _9334103
710			_aESTADOS UNIDOS _bRAND Corporation _9334103
955			_xOferta