000			02192nam a2200277 4500
001			384449
090			_a384449
100			_a20070919d2003 y0pory50 ba
101			_apor
200			_aInformal value transfer systems, terrorism and money laundering _bRecurso eletrónico _ea report to the National Institute of Justice _fNikos Passas
210			_a[Massachusetts] _cNortheastern University _d2003
215			_a1 CD-ROM _d12 cm
225			_aIVTS Report
300			_aRelatório submetido ao U.S. Department of Justice. Ficheiro de 1,95 Mb em formato pdf (137 f.). Também disponível em: https://www.ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/grants/208301.pdf. Acedido em 19 de Setembro de 2007.
330			_aForeword. Summary of significant results and policy implications. Introduction. Definitions. Methods. A general overview: different types of IVTS. IFTS. IVTM. Background and methods of operation discovered or suspected. Physical transportation – courier service. In-kind payments. Hawala and Hundi. Terms used in Hawala networks. Hawala mechanics. The settlement process. How do hawaladars make profit? Documentation kept. Law enforcement challenges stemming from the nature of Hawala operations. Lack of record keeping and potential difficulties. In deciphering records. Too many records. Mixing of various businesses. Problems associated with the context of Hawala operations. Linguistic issues. Cultural differences. “Benami” accounts. International coordination and cooperation. Difficulty of policy assessments. International legal and administrative asymmetries. Indicators of use and abuse. Indicators of IFTS activity. Indicators of criminal abuse. The nexus with serious crime and terrorism. Policy implications. Conclusion. References. Appendix: Outline of Thirty Cases.
606			_aBRANQUEAMENTO DE CAPITAIS _9243734
606			_aEVASÃO FISCAL _9230953
606			_aTERRORISMO _9410420
606			_aFINANCIAMENTO DO TERRORISMO _9304518
606			_aSISTEMA FINANCEIRO _9245947
700			_aPASSAS _bNikos _9282693
955			_xOferta