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100			_a20080117u y0pory50 ba
101			_aeng
200			_aThe first probation officers in England and Wales 1906-14 _fRaymond Gard
311			_aResumo inserto no próprio artigo.
330			_aThis essay uses contemporary sources to argue that the first probation officers appointed following the probation of offenders act of 1907 were very different from the police court missionaries then working in the courts of London. It uses both published and archive material to reveal the methods and aims of the new officers and contrasts them with those of the existing system of missionaries. The work adapts and borrows from Garland's (1985) work describing the creation of a penal welfare complex and, in particular, his analysis of the methods used by the newly appointed probation officers.
461			_cOxford _dNovember 2007 _vVol. 47, n. 6 _tBritish Journal of Criminology (The) _x0007-0955 _pp. 938-954
606			_aREGIME DE PROVA _9274881
606			_aSANÇÃO PENAL _9227850
606			_aMETODOLOGIAS _9341295
606			_aESTUDO DE CASOS _9322367
606			_aINGLATERRA _9332835
606			_aPAÍS DE GALES _9338626
700			_aGARD _bRaymond _9291093