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    <subfield code="a">Have community sanctions and measures widened the net of the European criminal justice systems?</subfield>
    <subfield code="f">Marcelo F. Aebi, Natalia Delgrande, Yann Marguet</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">Analysing the evolution of imprisonment and community sanctions in Europe from 1990 to 2010 this article tests whether community sanctions have been used as alternatives to imprisonment or as supplementary sanctions. The results show that both the number of persons serving community sanctions and the number of inmates have continuously increased in almost all European countries during the period studied. A comparison with the evolution of crime rates shows that the latter cannot explain such trends and suggests that, instead of being alternatives to imprisonment, community sanctions have contributed to widening the net of the European criminal justice systems. The analyses also show a wide diversity in the use of community sanctions across Europe where, in 2010, the ratio between inmates and persons serving community sanctions varied from 2:1 to 1:3. In a comparative perspective, Finland, Norway and Switzerland seem to have found a reasonable balance between the use of imprisonment and community sanctions.</subfield>
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    <subfield code="c">London</subfield>
    <subfield code="d">2015</subfield>
    <subfield code="p">p. 575-597</subfield>
    <subfield code="t">Punishment &amp; Society</subfield>
    <subfield code="v">vol. 17, n&#xBA; 5</subfield>
    <subfield code="x">1462-4745</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">PROBATION</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">PENAS NA COMUNIDADE</subfield>
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    <subfield code="a">PENAS ALTERNATIVAS</subfield>
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    <subfield code="b">Yann </subfield>
    <subfield code="c">PhD candidate and research assistant at the University of Lausanne, Switzerland. His areasresearch encompass probation, community sanctions and measures, prosecution </subfield>
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    <subfield code="5">2024-09-06</subfield>
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