02989nam a2200229   4500001000700000090001100007100004100018101000800059200009600067210002300163215002000186300020200206330205200408606003002460606003702490606002502527606002802552606001702580700003302597955001102630995011802641393595  a393595  a20151112d2011       y0pory50      ba  aeng  aThe benefits of eye-closure on eyewitness memorybRecurso eletrónicofAnnelies Vredeveldt  aYorkc[s.n.]d2011  a1 CD-ROMd12 cm  aSubmitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Department of Psychology, University of York (September 2011). Resumo inserto na publicação. Ficheiro de 2,72 MB em formato PDF (295 p.).  aEyewitness memory is not perfect. However, recent research suggests that eyewitnesses remember more about a witnessed event if they close their eyes during the interview. The experiments reported in this thesis investigated applied and theoretical aspects of the eye-closure effect. Experiments 1-2 examined whether the effect extended to recall of violent events. Eye-closure was found to be as beneficial for recall of physiologically arousing violent events as it was for non-violent events, extending the generalisibility of the effect. Experiment 3 examined recall after a delay and repeated recall attempts, and found no benefits of eye-closure during immediate free recall, but substantial benefits in both free and cued recall after one week. Experiments 4-5 examined the theoretical underpinnings of the eye-closure effect. No evidence was found for an “ear-closure” effect on a written recall test. Nevertheless, meaningless visual and auditory distractions during an oral interview impaired recall performance, particularly for information presented in the same modality as the distraction. These impairments could be overcome by eye-closure or, to a lesser extent, by looking at a blank screen. The data were fitted to the newly proposed Cognitive Resources framework, to estimate the relative importance of general and modality-specific processes. Experiment 6 enhanced the ecological validity of the research. A forensically relevant event was staged on the street, after which witnesses were interviewed either in a quiet interview room or on a busy street. Eye-closure had substantial benefits in free recall and helped witnesses to provide detailed correct answers about visual aspects of the event. It was most effective for witnesses interviewed inside, suggesting that mental context reinstatement might play a role in the eye-closure effect. Taken together, the findings suggest that the eye-closure instruction could provide a simple alternative to the Cognitive Interview, particularly when police resources are limited.  aTESTEMUNHA OCULAR9343140  aTÉCNICAS DE ENTREVISTA9326570  aMETODOLOGIAS9341295  aESTUDO DE CASOS9322367  aTESE9334284  aVREDEVELDTbAnnelies9350466  xOferta  104PJCD_270_00000000000000052022-06-066PJCD2709426053aPJcPJfPJ1CD270_43kPJCD270n2022-06-06o0rMOxOferta