02471nam a2200289   4500001000700000100004100007101000800048200011200056210004800168215002000216300021900236330144400455606002101899606002401920606001301944606002001957606001001977606001101987606002301998606002102021606001202042606001602054606001302070606002002083606001102103710006702114389987  a20110105d2003       y0pory50      ba  aeng  aTransnational activities of Chinese crime organizationsbRecurso eletrónicofGlenn E. Curtis ... [et al.]  aWashington, D.C.cLibrary of Congressd2003  a1 CD-ROMd12 cm  aFicheiro de 641 Kb em formato pdf (68 p.). Também disponível em: https://www.jamesforest.com/wp-content/uploads/2010/05/ChineseOrgCrime.pdf. Acedido a 5 de Janeiro de 2011. Resumo inserto no próprio documento.  a"This study investigates the major pockets of activity of Chinese criminal groups from2000-2003, throughout the world except for mainland China, Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan. The main geographical regions of such activity are Australia, Europe, Japan, Latin America, North America, Russia, South Africa, and Southeast Asia. The report notes the participation of such groups in all major types of crime, including trafficking of human beings and various commodities, financial crimes, extortion, gambling, prostitution, and violent crimes. For the purposes of this report, the term “Chinese” refers to individuals of purely Chinese ethnic origin living in any part of the world. The criminal groups described vary in size and degree of structure; they include syndicates, triads, gangs, and ad hoc combinations of organization members and non-members. Because of this variety, an increasing tendency toward ad hoc activity, and the lack of specificity in many open sources, the term “group” is used when a criminal activity is not attributed to a specific type of organization. The report’s sources are several recent monographs, journal articles on various aspects of such crime in the geographical regions where it occurs, and Internet reports by journalists and law enforcement agencies. Some sources published prior to the time period covered by the report have been used to provide background and establish long-term trends."  aCRIME ORGANIZADO  aCRIME TRANSNACIONAL  aTRÍADE  aESTUDO DE CASOS  aCHINA  aEUROPA  aAMÉRICA DO NORTE  aAMÉRICA DO SUL  aJAPÃO  aAUSTRÁLIA  aRÚSSIA  aÁFRICA DO SUL  aÁSIA  aESTADOS UNIDOSbLibrary of Congress. Federal Research Division