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Explanatory notes. Key findings. Global overview. A. Africa. B. Central and Southwest Asia. C. East and South-East Asia and Oceania. D. Europe. E. Near and Middle East. F. North and Central America. G. South America. Market analysis of synthetic drugs. Introduction. A. Amphetamine-type stimulants. A.1. Amphetamine-type stimulants: market developments. A.2. Methamphetamine: a dynamic global market. A.3. Amphetamine trafficking is spreading. A.4. “Ecstasy”. B. New psychoactive substances and other synthetic drugs. B.1. New psychoactive substances: market developments. B.2. Characteristics of new psychoactive substances users and trends in new psychoactive substances use. B.3. How well-informed are users of new psychoactive substances and how concerned are they about what they are using? B.4. Health risks of new psychoactive substances with stimulant effects. B.5. Synthetic cannabinoids: toxicity and fatalities. B.6. Use of hallucinogenic new psychoactive substances is increasing in South America. B.7. Synthetic opioids: the resurgence of fentanyl and its analogues. B.8. GBL: a ready source of GHB? B.9. Ketamine supply is increasing in South-East Asia. ANNEX. Glossary. Regional groupings.