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Introduction. Definitions. Report structure. Methods. 1. The extent and trend in deaths in or following police custody in England and Wales. Deaths in or following police custody. Numbers of those who died. Characteristics of those who died. Gender. Age. Ethnic background. Deaths in custody, by police force area. Apparent suicide following police custody. Numbers of those who died. Characteristics of those who apparently committed suicide following custody. 2. How do numbers of deaths in custody in England and Wales compare with other countries?. Findings. 3. The factors relating to deaths in or following police custody. Reason for arrest. Causes of death. Demographic characteristics and cause of death. Ethnic background. Age . International data on causes of death. Factors relating to apparent suicides following police custody. 4. What research evidence is there for preventing deaths in police custody?. Alternatives to police custody. Liaison and diversion schemes. Risk assessment/screening of detainees. Custody suite practice. Cell design and equipment. Healthcare within custody. Training. Restraint and the de-escalation of incidents. Suicides following police custody. 5. The investigation of deaths in custody. Independence of the investigative process. Resources for the investigative process. Accessibility to next of kin/the public. 6. Conclusion. Appendix 1- Search strategy. Appendix 2 – Additional tables. Appendix 3 - Calculations for international rates of death in police custody. References.