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Preface. Introduction: Why Study the Law as a Criminologist? Chapter 1: What Determines a Criminal Today? 1.1 Making Distinctions between Crime and Deviance; 1.2 The Changing Nature of Criminal Offences; 1.3 Measuring Crime and Criminality; 1.4 Victims; 1.5 Case Study. Chapter 2: The Legal System of England and Wales: 2.1 Sources of Law; 2.2 Court Structure and Key Personnel; 2.3 The Legal Defence Services; 2.4 Case Study. Chapter 3: The Legal Systems of Scotland and Northern Ireland: 3.7 Case Study. Chapter 5: Essential Criminal Law. Chapter 6: The Criminal Process: 6.13 Further Resources. Chapter 7: Punishment and Sentencing: 7.1 Punishment Theories and Sentencing; 7.2 Community Justice in England and Wales; 7.3 Imprisonment in England and Wales; 7.4 Offender Management in Scotland; 7.5 The Northern Ireland Prison Service; 7.6 Restorative Justice; 7.7 Case Study. Chapter 8: Human Rights Legislation: 8.1 Historical Background; 8.2 The European Court of Human Rights; 8.3 The Geneva Convention; 8.4 The International Criminal Court in The Hague; 8.5 Control Orders; 8.6 The Death Penalty or Life Imprisonment?; 8.7 Case Study; 8.8 Exam Questions. Chapter 9: Young People and the Law: 9.1 Youth Crime; 9.2 Youth courts in England and Wales; 9.3 Dangerousness and Bad Character; 9.4 Sentencing Young Offenders; 9.5 Youth Justice in Scotland; 9.6 Youth Justice in Northern Ireland; 9.7 Youth Custody; 9.8 Non-custodial Sanctions; 9.9 Case Study. Appendix 1 Table of Statutes. Appendix 2 Table of Cases. Appendix 3 Glossary of Criminological and Legal Terms. Appendix 4 Useful Websites and Internet Sources. Bibliography. Index.